Polystichum tsus-simense, also known as the Chinese holly fern, is a beautiful, hardy fern characterized by its dark green, glossy leaves and upright growth form. This fern has a dense, compact appearance, making it ideal for shady gardens and as ground cover. Its tougher, leathery leaves remain attractive throughout the year, even in winter.

This fern thrives best in humus-rich, well-draining soil and prefers a location in full or partial shade. Polystichum tsus-simense is hardy and can withstand temperatures down to around -20°C (USDA zone 6). The plant grows slowly but eventually reaches a height of approximately 40 to 60 cm.

With its attractive green foliage and low-maintenance nature, the Chinese holly fern is an excellent choice for shady borders, woodland gardens, and as underplanting for larger shrubs or trees. It combines well with other shade-loving plants, giving your garden a fresh appearance year-round.